Overview
On September 10, NSFOCUS CERT detected that Microsoft released the September Security Update patch, fixing 86 security issues involving widely used products such as Windows, Microsoft Office, Azure, and Microsoft SQL Server, including high-risk vulnerability types such as privilege escalation and remote code execution.
Among the vulnerabilities fixed by Microsoft’s monthly update this month, there are 13 critical vulnerabilities, 72 important vulnerabilities, and 1 moderate vulnerability.
Please update the patch as soon as possible for protection. For a complete list of vulnerabilities, please refer to the appendix.
Reference link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/releaseNote/2025-Sep
Key Vulnerabilities
Based on the product popularity and vulnerability importance, this update contains vulnerabilities with greater impact. Relevant users are requested to pay special attention:
Microsoft SharePoint Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2025-54897):
Microsoft SharePoint has a remote code execution vulnerability that allows an authenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code due to the deserialization of untrusted data in Microsoft Office SharePoint. CVSS score 8.8.
Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54897
Microsoft High Performance Computing (HPC) Package Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2025-55232):
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the Microsoft High Performance Compute Package (HPC), which allows an unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution due to deserialization of untrusted data in the HPC. CVSS score 9.8.
Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-55232
Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2025-54910):
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft Office. Due to a heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office, an unauthenticated attacker can execute arbitrary code in the user’s context by crafting malicious files that trick users into opening or previewing panes. CVSS score 8.4.
Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54910
Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2025-54106):
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Windows Routing and Remote Access Services (RRAS) that could be exploited by an unauthenticated attacker to trick a user into sending requests to a malicious server due to integer overflow or wraparound issues in Windows Routing and RRAS, thereby executing arbitrary code on the target system. CVSS score 8.8.
Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54106
Windows NTLM Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2025-54918):
A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in Windows NTLM, which can be exploited by an authenticated local attacker to gain system SYSTEM privileges due to improper authentication in Windows NTLM. CVSS score 8.8.
Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54918
Windows Kernel Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2025-54110):
The Windows kernel has a privilege escalation vulnerability. Due to integer overflow or wraparound issues in the Windows kernel, an attacker can trigger an integer overflow by sending specially crafted input from a sandbox user mode process, thereby achieving privilege escalation or sandbox escape. CVSS score 8.8.
Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54110
Windows SMB Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2025-55234):
Windows SMB has a privilege escalation vulnerability. Due to improper configuration of the SMB server, it is vulnerable to relay attacks. An authenticated attacker can use this vulnerability to obtain system permissions for the target user, thereby achieving privilege escalation. CVSS score 8.8.
Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-55234
Microsoft SQL Server Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2025-55227):
A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in Microsoft SQL Server, where an authenticated attacker could gain system administrator privileges by injecting SQL code when creating a table and running it with elevated privileges due to improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL Server commands. CVSS score 8.8.
Official announcement link: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-55227
Scope of Impact
The following are the affected product versions of some key vulnerabilities. For the scope of products affected by other vulnerabilities, please refer to the official announcement link.
| Vulnerability Number | Affected product versions |
| CVE-2025-54897 | Microsoft SharePoint Server Subscription Edition Microsoft SharePoint Server 2019 Microsoft SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016 |
| CVE-2025-55232 | Microsoft HPC Pack 2019 |
| CVE-2025-54910 | Microsoft Office 2016 (64-bit edition) Microsoft Office 2016 (32-bit edition) Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024 Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 for 64-bit editions Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 for 32-bit editions Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 for 32-bit editions Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 for 64-bit editions Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2021 Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise for 64-bit Systems Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise for 32-bit Systems Microsoft Office 2019 for 64-bit editions Microsoft Office 2019 for 32-bit editions |
| CVE-2025-54106 | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2012 R2 Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2016 Windows Server 2025 Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2022 Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2019 |
| CVE-2025-54918 CVE-2025-54110 | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2012 R2 Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2012 Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2016 Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems Windows 10 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems Windows Server 2025 Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) Windows 11 Version 23H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) Windows 10 Version 22H2 for 32-bit Systems Windows 10 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2022 Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2019 Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems |
| CVE-2025-55234 | Windows 11 Version 23H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) Windows 10 Version 22H2 for 32-bit Systems Windows 10 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2022 Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2019 Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems |
| CVE-2025-55227 | Security update for SQL Server 2022 CU20+GDR Security update for SQL Server 2022 RTM+GDR Security update for SQL Server 2019 CU32+GDR Security update for SQL Server 2019 RTM+GDR Security update for SQL Server 2017 CU31+GDR Security update for SQL Server 2017 RTM+GDR Security update for SQL 2016 Azure Connect Feature Pack Security update for SQL Server 2016 SP3 RTM+GDR |
Mitigation
At present, Microsoft has officially released security patches to fix the above vulnerabilities for supported product versions. It is strongly recommended that affected users install patches as soon as possible for protection. The official download link:
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/releaseNote/2025-Sep
Note: Patch updates for Windows Update may fail due to network problems, computer environment problems, etc. After installing the patch, users should check whether the patch has been successfully updated in time.
Right-click the Windows icon, select “Settings (N)”, select “Update and Security”-“Windows Update”, view the prompt information on this page, or click “View Update History” to view the historical update status.
For updates that have not been successfully installed, you can click the update name to jump to the Microsoft official download page. It is recommended that users click the link on this page and go to the “Microsoft Update Catalog” website to download the independent program package and install it.
Appendix
| Affected products | CVE No. | Vulnerability Title | Severity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Windows | CVE-2025-54918 | Windows NTLM privilege escalation vulnerability | Critical |
| Windows | CVE-2025-55226 | Graphics Kernel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Critical |
| Windows | CVE-2025-55228 | Windows Graphics Component Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Critical |
| Windows | CVE-2025-55236 | Graphics Kernel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Critical |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53800 | Windows Graphics Component Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Critical |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54910 | Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Critical |
| Windows | CVE-2025-55224 | Windows Hyper-V Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Critical |
| Azure | CVE-2025-55241 | Azure Entra privilege escalation vulnerability | Critical |
| Apps | CVE-2025-55242 | Xbox Certification Bug Copilot Djando information disclosure vulnerability | Critical |
| Azure | CVE-2025-54914 | Azure Networking Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Critical |
| Microsoft Dynamics | CVE-2025-55238 | Dynamics 365 FastTrack Implementation Assets Information Disclosure Vulnerability | Critical |
| Azure | CVE-2025-55244 | Azure Bot Service privilege escalation vulnerability | Critical |
| Microsoft Office,Windows | CVE-2025-53799 | Windows Imaging Component Information Disclosure Vulnerability | Critical |
| Windows | CVE-2025-49734 | PowerShell Direct privilege escalation vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53797 | Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Disclosure Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53798 | Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Disclosure Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54095 | Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Disclosure Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54096 | Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Disclosure Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54097 | Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Disclosure Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54099 | Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54101 | Windows SMB Client Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54102 | Windows Connected Devices Platform Service privilege escalation vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54106 | Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54110 | Windows Kernel privilege escalation vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54111 | Windows UI XAML Phone DatePickerFlyout privilege escalation vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54894 | Local Security Authority Subsystem Service Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54895 | SPNEGO Extended Negotiation (NEGOEX) Security Mechanism Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54896 | Microsoft Excel remote code execution vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54897 | Microsoft SharePoint Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54898 | Microsoft Excel remote code execution vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54899 | Microsoft Excel remote code execution vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54902 | Microsoft Excel remote code execution vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54903 | Microsoft Excel remote code execution vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54904 | Microsoft Excel remote code execution vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54905 | Microsoft Word Information Disclosure Vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54906 | Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54907 | Microsoft Office Visio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54908 | Microsoft PowerPoint Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54913 | Windows UI XAML Maps MapControlSettings Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54916 | Windows NTFS Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54919 | Windows Graphics Component Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-55223 | DirectX Graphics Kernel privilege escalation vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-55225 | Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Disclosure Vulnerability | Important |
| Azure | CVE-2025-55232 | Microsoft High Performance Compute (HPC) Pack remote code execution vulnerability | Important |
| Apps | CVE-2025-55245 | Xbox Gaming Services Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-55243 | Microsoft OfficePlus spoofing vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-55317 | Microsoft AutoUpdate (MAU) Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Azure | CVE-2025-49692 | Azure Connected Machine Agent Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53796 | Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Disclosure Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53801 | Microsoft DWM Core Library Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53802 | Windows Bluetooth Service Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53803 | Windows Kernel Memory Disclosure Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53804 | Windows Kernel-Mode Driver Information Disclosure Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53805 | HTTP.sys Denial of Service Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53806 | Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Disclosure Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53807 | Windows Graphics Component Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53808 | Windows Defender Firewall Service Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53809 | Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS) Denial of Service Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-53810 | Windows Defender Firewall Service Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54091 | Windows Hyper-V Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54092 | Windows Hyper-V Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54093 | Windows TCP/IP Driver Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54094 | Windows Defender Firewall Service Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54098 | Windows Hyper-V Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54103 | Windows Management Service Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54104 | Windows Defender Firewall Service Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54105 | Microsoft Brokering File System Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54107 | MapUrlToZone security feature bypass vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54108 | Capability Access Management Service (camsvc) privilege escalation vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54109 | Windows Defender Firewall Service Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54112 | Microsoft Virtual Hard Disk Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54113 | Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54114 | Windows Connected Devices Platform Service (Cdpsvc) Denial of Service Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54115 | Windows Hyper-V Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54116 | Windows MultiPoint Services privilege escalation vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54900 | Microsoft Excel remote code execution vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-54901 | Microsoft Excel Information Disclosure Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54911 | Windows BitLocker Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54912 | Windows BitLocker Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54915 | Windows Defender Firewall Service Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-54917 | MapUrlToZone security feature bypass vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-55234 | Windows SMB privilege escalation vulnerability | Important |
| Azure | CVE-2025-55316 | Azure Connected Machine Agent Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft SQL Server | CVE-2025-47997 | Microsoft SQL Server Information Disclosure Vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft SQL Server | CVE-2025-55227 | Microsoft SQL Server Privilege Escalation Vulnerability | Important |
| Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) | CVE-2025-53791 | Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) security feature bypass vulnerability | Moderate |
Statement
This advisory is only used to describe a potential risk. NSFOCUS does not provide any commitment or promise on this advisory. NSFOCUS and the author will not bear any liability for any direct and/or indirect consequences and losses caused by transmitting and/or using this advisory. NSFOCUS reserves all the rights to modify and interpret this advisory. Please include this statement paragraph when reproducing or transferring this advisory. Do not modify this advisory, add/delete any information to/from it, or use this advisory for commercial purposes without permission from NSFOCUS.
About NSFOCUS
NSFOCUS, a pioneering leader in cybersecurity, is dedicated to safeguarding telecommunications, Internet service providers, hosting providers, and enterprises from sophisticated cyberattacks.
Founded in 2000, NSFOCUS operates globally with over 4000 employees at two headquarters in Beijing, China, and Santa Clara, CA, USA, and over 50 offices worldwide. It has a proven track record of protecting over 25% of the Fortune Global 500 companies, including four of the five largest banks and six of the world’s top ten telecommunications companies.
Leveraging technical prowess and innovation, NSFOCUS delivers a comprehensive suite of security solutions, including the Intelligent Security Operations Platform (ISOP) for modern SOC, DDoS Protection, Continuous Threat Exposure Management (CTEM) Service and Web Application and API Protection (WAAP). All the solutions and services are augmented by the Security Large Language Model (SecLLM), ML, patented algorithms and other cutting-edge research achievements developed by NSFOCUS.
